Early Christianity

Early Christianity ranged from about 330-800 CE.  It began with the death of Christ in ancient Judea which is an eastern outpost of the Roman Empire.  This specific Religion posed a threat to the emperor, in that Christians could not declare the divinity of the emperor.  Because of this refusal, the early Christians were persecuted.

Christianity promoted access to God and although it was basically and underground religion, many people still chose to practice it; consisting mainly of those in the lower class.

Finally, in 313 CE, the emperor Constantine legalized Christianity through the Edict of Milan.  Christians at last, were able to have houses of worship and display their holy artifacts.

Due to the rising number of believers, the early Christians were in need of new facilities for worship.  They used to gather in Roman temples, homes, or other existing buildings.  However, the temples were not built to accommodate large groups or taking of the Eucharist.  

The new buildings were referred to either as basilicas or cathedrals, depending on the shape and architectural structure.  Some characteristics of early Christian architecture included centrally planned buildings, separate baptisteries, clerestory windows, entrances of the church on the opposite apse, and the separation of the interior into nave and flanking aisles.

One of the more well known cathedrals was Old St. Peter's Cathedral Rome.  The interior is very intricate and elaborate, covered with frescos of biblical accounts.  The exterior on the contrary, is not as detailed but rather plainly decorated.  It' contains masonry walls, a wood roof, clerestory windows, and a wood truss ceiling.  The total length of the Cathedral is 700 feet. 

Another form of architecture is Sant' Apllinare in Classe-Ravenna ranging from 535-538 CE.  This structure is defined by geometric volume, 24 columns, mullion windows, triumphal arch, and semi vaulted apse with mosaics. 

There are very few examples of Christian furniture, but from what has been found, their pieces were very elaborate.  They followed the Roman style and were elaborate and richly decorated with jewels.  Storage within the church structure was one of the more important furniture items of this period.

Motifs that are seen during this period were crosses, doves, fish, grapevine, and lambs.  The decorative arts consisted of paintings, murals, and frescos.  They incorporated images of Christ, the apostles, and Mary.

Past

 

Present

                             

 

Extra Credit: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=svVc3i71uQk